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Data baserad på svenska policyer

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Hälsomyndighetens ansvar och programmets styrkorHälsomyndighetens ansvar och programmets styrkor

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I länderna, och i vissa av dem även på regionnivå, sätts mål som syftar till att uppnå specifika hälsomål. Ett av dessa ofta uppsatta mål inbegriper mål avseende vaccinationstäckningen. I det här fallet syftar vi på vaccin mot influensa.
Till exempel, i en särskild målpopulation bestående av 100 personer vaccinerades 65. I det här fallet talar man om 65 % vaccinationstäckningsgrad, VCR.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Seasonal influenza vaccination and antiviral use in EU/EEA Member States [Internet]. Stockholm; 2018.

  2. Blank PR, van Essen GA, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Kyncl J, Nitsch-Osuch A, Kuchar EP, et al. Impact of European vaccination policies on seasonal influenza vaccination coverage rates: An update seven years later. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2018;

  3. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

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För att människor ska kunna vaccinera sig måste det finnas någon instans (offentlig eller privat) som finansierar vaccinationskostnaden. När det gäller denna policy syftar vi på sociala grupper för vilka influensavaccination anses vara särskilt viktig.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Ting EEK, Sander B, Ungar WJ. Systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of influenza immunization programs. Vaccine [Internet]. 2017

  2. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Seasonal influenza vaccination and antiviral use in EU/EEA Member States [Internet]. Stockholm; 2018.

  3. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

  4. WHO. Guidance on the economic evaluation of influenza vaccination. 2016.

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Hälsomyndigheter övervakar på nationell nivå vaccinationstäckningen på olika vaccinationsplatser.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Seasonal influenza vaccination and antiviral use in EU/EEA Member States [Internet]. Stockholm; 2018.

  2. Blank PR, van Essen GA, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Kyncl J, Nitsch-Osuch A, Kuchar EP, et al. Impact of European vaccination policies on seasonal influenza vaccination coverage rates: An update seven years later. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2018;

  3. Paul KT, Loer K. Contemporary vaccination policy in the European Union: tensions and dilemmas. J Public Health Policy [Internet]. 2019;40:166–79.

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Vaccination mot influensa av hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal övervägs som en del prestationskriterier på sjukhus.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Rashid H, Yin JK, Ward K, King C, Seale H, Booy R. Assessing interventions to improve influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers. Health Aff. 2016;35(2):284–92.

  2. Lindley MC, Mu Y, Hoss A, Pepin D, Kalayil EJ, van Santen KL, et al. Association of State Laws With Influenza Vaccination of Hospital Personnel. Am J Prev Med [Internet]. 2019;56(6):e177–83.

  3. Greene MT, Fowler KE, Ratz D, Krein SL, Bradley SF, Saint S. Changes in Influenza Vaccination Requirements for Health Care Personnel in US Hospitals. JAMA Netw open. 2018;1(2).

  4. Kitt E, Burt S, Price SM, Satchell L, Offit PA, Sammons JS, et al. Implementation of a Mandatory Influenza Vaccine Program: A 10-year experience. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;

  5. Costantino C, Restivo V, Tramuto F, Casuccio A, Vitale F. Influenza vaccination of healthcare workers in Italy: Could mandatory vaccination be a solution to protect patients? Future Microbiol. 2019;14(9s):45–9.

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Förekomsten av ett system som säkerställer att länder inte får slut på vaccin och därmed tillåter alla människor som definieras som mål för vaccinationen att ta sin berättigade dos.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Grieco L, Panovska-Griffiths J, van Leeuwen E, Grove P, Utley M. Exploring the role of mass immunisation in influenza pandemic preparedness: A modelling study for the UK context. Vaccine [Internet]. 2020;38(33):5163–70.

  2. Farooq MU, Hussain A, Masood T, Habib MS. Supply chain operations management in pandemics: A State-of-the-Art Review Inspired by COVID-19. Sustainability. 2021;13.

  3. Wilsdon T, Lawlor R, Li L, Rafila A, García Rojas A. The impact of vaccine procurement methods on public health in selected European countries. Expert Rev Vaccines [Internet]. 2020;19(2):123–32.

Förenklad tillgång till vaccinationFörenklad tillgång till vaccination

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Människor har tillgång till olika vaccinationsplatser där de kan vaccineras när det passar dem.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Rashid H, Yin JK, Ward K, King C, Seale H, Booy R. Assessing interventions to improve influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers. Health Aff. 2016;35(2):284–92.

  2. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

  3. Gazmararian JA, Coleman M, Prill M, Hinman AR, Ribner BS, Washington ML, et al. Influenza vaccination of health care workers: Policies and practices of hospitals in a community setting. Am J Infect Control. 2007;35(7):441–7.

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De olika enheterna med anknytning till influensavaccination uppmanas att kommunicera på ett sätt som upplyser och motiverar människor i de olika målgrupperna att vaccinera sig.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Influenza Diabetes Community, European Scientific Working group on Influenza. Commitment paper of the Influenza/Diabetes Community [Internet]. 2019.

  2. Tailoring Immunization Programmes for Seasonal Influenza (TIP FLU) [Internet]. 2017.

  3. ECDC. Rapid literature review on motivating hesitant population groups in Europe to vaccinate. 2015.

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Människor som rekommenderas att ta influensavaccinet får aviseringar eller textmeddelanden på sina mobila enheter från hälso- och sjukvårdsorganisationer.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Loiacono MM, Mitsakakis N, Kwong JC, Gomez GB, Chit A, Grootendorst P. Development and Validation of a Clinical Prediction Tool for Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in England. JAMA Netw open. 2020;3(6):e207743.

  2. WHO. Tailoring Immunization Programmes for Seasonal Influenza (TIP FLU). 2017.

  3. ECDC. Rapid literature review on motivating hesitant population groups in Europe to vaccinate. 2015.

Ansvar och åtagande hos hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalAnsvar och åtagande hos hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal

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Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal utbildas regelbundet kring influensavaccination, så att de kan hålla sig uppdaterade och upplysa de människor som vänder sig till dem för att få hjälp.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Goldstein AO, Kincade JE, Gamble G, Bearman RS. Policies and Practices for Improving Influenza Immunization Rates Among Healthcare Workers. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2004;25(11):908–11

  2. Rashid H, Yin JK, Ward K, King C, Seale H, Booy R. Assessing interventions to improve influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers. Health Aff. 2016;35(2):284–92.

  3. Maltezou H, Poland G. Immunization of Health-Care Providers: Necessity and Public Health Policies. Healthcare. 2016;4(3):47.

  4. Gazmararian JA, Coleman M, Prill M, Hinman AR, Ribner BS, Washington ML, et al. Influenza vaccination of health care workers: Policies and practices of hospitals in a community setting. Am J Infect Control. 2007;35(7):441–7.

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Organisationerna/hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalen får en rättvis och specifik ersättning för varje genomförd vaccination.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Greene MT, Fowler KE, Ratz D, Krein SL, Bradley SF, Saint S. Changes in Influenza Vaccination Requirements for Health Care Personnel in US Hospitals. JAMA Netw open. 2018;1(2).

  2. Gazmararian JA, Coleman M, Prill M, Hinman AR, Ribner BS, Washington ML, et al. Influenza vaccination of health care workers: Policies and practices of hospitals in a community setting. Am J Infect Control. 2007;35(7):441–7.

  3. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

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Vaccination av hälso-och sjukvårdspersonal är obligatorisk.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Short E, Zimmerman PA, van de Mortel T. Barriers associated with mandatory influenza vaccination policies for healthcare workers: an integrative review. J Infect Prev. 2020;21(6):212–20.

  2. Rashid H, Yin JK, Ward K, King C, Seale H, Booy R. Assessing interventions to improve influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers. Health Aff. 2016;35(2):284–92.

  3. Greene MT, Fowler KE, Ratz D, Krein SL, Bradley SF, Saint S. Changes in Influenza Vaccination Requirements for Health Care Personnel in US Hospitals. JAMA Netw open. 2018;1(2).

  4. Paul KT, Loer K. Contemporary vaccination policy in the European Union: tensions and dilemmas. J Public Health Policy [Internet]. 2019;40:166–79.

  5. Lindley MC, Mu Y, Hoss A, Pepin D, Kalayil EJ, van Santen KL, et al. Association of State Laws With Influenza Vaccination of Hospital Personnel. Am J Prev Med [Internet]. 2019;56(6):e177–83.

  6. Kitt E, Burt S, Price SM, Satchell L, Offit PA, Sammons JS, et al. Implementation of a Mandatory Influenza Vaccine Program: A 10-year experience. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;

  7. Costantino C, Restivo V, Tramuto F, Casuccio A, Vitale F. Influenza vaccination of healthcare workers in Italy: Could mandatory vaccination be a solution to protect patients? Future Microbiol. 2019;14(9s):45–9.

  8. Wang TL, Jing L, Bocchini JA. Mandatory influenza vaccination for all healthcare personnel: A review on justification, implementation and effectiveness. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2017;29(5):606–15.

  9. Maltezou H, Poland G. Immunization of Health-Care Providers: Necessity and Public Health Policies. Healthcare. 2016;4(3):47.

  10. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

Medvetenhet om sjukdomens börda och allvarlighetsgradMedvetenhet om sjukdomens börda och allvarlighetsgrad

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De olika enheterna (offentliga och privata) med anknytning till influensavaccination skapar kommunikations- och medvetenhetskampanjer om vaccination mot influensavirus på ett samordnat sätt.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Influenza Diabetes Community, European Scientific Working group on Influenza. Commitment paper of the Influenza/Diabetes Community [Internet]. 2019.

  2. Maltezou H, Poland G. Immunization of Health-Care Providers: Necessity and Public Health Policies. Healthcare. 2016;4(3):47.

  3. Chevalier-Cottin EP, Ashbaugh H, Brooke N, Gavazzi G, Santillana M, Burlet N, et al. Communicating Benefits from Vaccines Beyond Preventing Infectious Diseases. Infect Dis Ther. 2020;9:467–80.

  4. WHO Europe. Vaccination and trust [Internet]. Copenhagen; 2017.

Tro på fördelar med vaccinationTro på fördelar med vaccination

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Medierna bedriver adekvat nyhetsbevakning om vaccination mot influensa.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

  2. Kumar S, Xu C, Ghildayal N, Chandra C, Yang M. Social media effectiveness as a humanitarian response to mitigate influenza epidemic and COVID-19 pandemic. Ann Oper Res [Internet]. 2021;

  3. Bonnevie E, Rosenberg SD, Kummeth C, Goldbarg J, Wartella E, Smyser J. Using social media influencers to increase knowledge and positive attitudes toward the flu vaccine. PLoS One [Internet].

Målgrupp

Vi erkänner att en del av policyerna redan delvis implementeras i landet, trots att de ger utrymme för förbättringar.

 
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TESTA DINA POLICYER Data baserad på svenska policyer

National vaccination coverage baseline value

Population Covered

19%

1957524

from a total population of

10379295

Barn
0.4% 7095

1837798 Total Population

Äldre
50% 1124506

2088086 Total Population

Gravida kvinnor
25% 26716

229859 Total Population

Vårdpersonal
24% 126303

793657 Total Population

Högriskbefolkning1
48% 525998

1091020 Total Population

National vaccination coverage changes

Population Covered

19%

1957524

1957524

from a total population of

10,379,295

Barn
??% 7095

7095 National VCR baseline value

Äldre
??% 1124506

1124506 National VCR baseline value

Gravida kvinnor
??% 26716

26716 National VCR baseline value

Vårdpersonal
??% 126303

126303 National VCR baseline value

Högriskbefolkning1
??% 525998

525998 National VCR baseline value

Influenza infections
averted

Total numbers
664463

664463 Current Policy

Barn
230104

230104 Current Policy

Äldre
131105

131105 Current Policy

Gravida kvinnor
3881

3881 Current Policy

Vårdpersonal
29364

29364 Current Policy

Högriskbefolkning1
37968

37968 Current Policy

Hospitalizations
averted

Total numbers
4701

4701 Current Policy

Barn
315

315 Current Policy

Äldre
3313

3313 Current Policy

Gravida kvinnor
10

10 Current Policy

Vårdpersonal
49

49 Current Policy

Högriskbefolkning1
271

271 Current Policy

Flu-related GP Visits
averted

Total numbers
171755

171755 Current Policy

Barn
51326

51326 Current Policy

Äldre
12700

12700 Current Policy

Gravida kvinnor
1571

1571 Current Policy

Vårdpersonal
15090

15090 Current Policy

Högriskbefolkning1
15518

15518 Current Policy

Work Days Productivity Loss averted

Total numbers
519220

4543718 Total Employed Population (age 16-64)

6260368 Total Population (age 16-64)

519220 Current Policy

Barn
0

0 Current Policy

Äldre
0

0 Current Policy

Gravida kvinnor
7788

7788 Current Policy

Vårdpersonal
57042

57042 Current Policy

Högriskbefolkning1
72671

72671 Current Policy

Dödsfall
averted

Total numbers
590

590 Current Policy

Barn
24

24 Current Policy

Äldre
418

418 Current Policy

Gravida kvinnor
1

1 Current Policy

Vårdpersonal
17

17 Current Policy

Högriskbefolkning1
27

27 Current Policy

Hospitalizations
due to CVD
averted

Total numbers
899

899 Current Policy

Barn
0

0 Current Policy

Äldre
889

889 Current Policy

Gravida kvinnor
0

0 Current Policy

Vårdpersonal
0

0 Current Policy

Högriskbefolkning1
3

3 Current Policy

Dödsfall
due to CVD
averted

Total numbers
134

134 Current Policy

Barn
2

2 Current Policy

Äldre
129

129 Current Policy

Gravida kvinnor
0

0 Current Policy

Vårdpersonal
0

0 Current Policy

Högriskbefolkning1
1

1 Current Policy

Sustainable procurement system to ensure appropriate vaccine supply

Access to multiple vaccination settings

1 Individuals aged ≥65 years old.
2 High-risk population: Individuals aged <65 years with at least one chronic condition and elderly aged ≥65 years.

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