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Hälsomyndighetens ansvar och programmets styrkorHälsomyndighetens ansvar och programmets styrkor

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I länderna, och i vissa av dem även på regionnivå, sätts mål som syftar till att uppnå specifika hälsomål. Ett av dessa ofta uppsatta mål inbegriper mål avseende vaccinationstäckningen. I det här fallet syftar vi på vaccin mot influensa.
Till exempel, i en särskild målpopulation bestående av 100 personer vaccinerades 65. I det här fallet talar man om 65 % vaccinationstäckningsgrad, VCR.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Seasonal influenza vaccination and antiviral use in EU/EEA Member States [Internet]. Stockholm; 2018.

  2. Blank PR, van Essen GA, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Kyncl J, Nitsch-Osuch A, Kuchar EP, et al. Impact of European vaccination policies on seasonal influenza vaccination coverage rates: An update seven years later. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2018;

  3. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

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För att människor ska kunna vaccinera sig måste det finnas någon instans (offentlig eller privat) som finansierar vaccinationskostnaden. När det gäller denna policy syftar vi på sociala grupper för vilka influensavaccination anses vara särskilt viktig.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Ting EEK, Sander B, Ungar WJ. Systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of influenza immunization programs. Vaccine [Internet]. 2017

  2. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Seasonal influenza vaccination and antiviral use in EU/EEA Member States [Internet]. Stockholm; 2018.

  3. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

  4. WHO. Guidance on the economic evaluation of influenza vaccination. 2016.

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Hälsomyndigheter övervakar på nationell nivå vaccinationstäckningen på olika vaccinationsplatser.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Seasonal influenza vaccination and antiviral use in EU/EEA Member States [Internet]. Stockholm; 2018.

  2. Blank PR, van Essen GA, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Kyncl J, Nitsch-Osuch A, Kuchar EP, et al. Impact of European vaccination policies on seasonal influenza vaccination coverage rates: An update seven years later. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2018;

  3. Paul KT, Loer K. Contemporary vaccination policy in the European Union: tensions and dilemmas. J Public Health Policy [Internet]. 2019;40:166–79.

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Vaccination mot influensa av hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal övervägs som en del prestationskriterier på sjukhus.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Rashid H, Yin JK, Ward K, King C, Seale H, Booy R. Assessing interventions to improve influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers. Health Aff. 2016;35(2):284–92.

  2. Lindley MC, Mu Y, Hoss A, Pepin D, Kalayil EJ, van Santen KL, et al. Association of State Laws With Influenza Vaccination of Hospital Personnel. Am J Prev Med [Internet]. 2019;56(6):e177–83.

  3. Greene MT, Fowler KE, Ratz D, Krein SL, Bradley SF, Saint S. Changes in Influenza Vaccination Requirements for Health Care Personnel in US Hospitals. JAMA Netw open. 2018;1(2).

  4. Kitt E, Burt S, Price SM, Satchell L, Offit PA, Sammons JS, et al. Implementation of a Mandatory Influenza Vaccine Program: A 10-year experience. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;

  5. Costantino C, Restivo V, Tramuto F, Casuccio A, Vitale F. Influenza vaccination of healthcare workers in Italy: Could mandatory vaccination be a solution to protect patients? Future Microbiol. 2019;14(9s):45–9.

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Förekomsten av ett system som säkerställer att länder inte får slut på vaccin och därmed tillåter alla människor som definieras som mål för vaccinationen att ta sin berättigade dos.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Grieco L, Panovska-Griffiths J, van Leeuwen E, Grove P, Utley M. Exploring the role of mass immunisation in influenza pandemic preparedness: A modelling study for the UK context. Vaccine [Internet]. 2020;38(33):5163–70.

  2. Farooq MU, Hussain A, Masood T, Habib MS. Supply chain operations management in pandemics: A State-of-the-Art Review Inspired by COVID-19. Sustainability. 2021;13.

  3. Wilsdon T, Lawlor R, Li L, Rafila A, García Rojas A. The impact of vaccine procurement methods on public health in selected European countries. Expert Rev Vaccines [Internet]. 2020;19(2):123–32.

Förenklad tillgång till vaccinationFörenklad tillgång till vaccination

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Människor har tillgång till olika vaccinationsplatser där de kan vaccineras när det passar dem.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Rashid H, Yin JK, Ward K, King C, Seale H, Booy R. Assessing interventions to improve influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers. Health Aff. 2016;35(2):284–92.

  2. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

  3. Gazmararian JA, Coleman M, Prill M, Hinman AR, Ribner BS, Washington ML, et al. Influenza vaccination of health care workers: Policies and practices of hospitals in a community setting. Am J Infect Control. 2007;35(7):441–7.

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De olika enheterna med anknytning till influensavaccination uppmanas att kommunicera på ett sätt som upplyser och motiverar människor i de olika målgrupperna att vaccinera sig.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Influenza Diabetes Community, European Scientific Working group on Influenza. Commitment paper of the Influenza/Diabetes Community [Internet]. 2019.

  2. Tailoring Immunization Programmes for Seasonal Influenza (TIP FLU) [Internet]. 2017.

  3. ECDC. Rapid literature review on motivating hesitant population groups in Europe to vaccinate. 2015.

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Människor som rekommenderas att ta influensavaccinet får aviseringar eller textmeddelanden på sina mobila enheter från hälso- och sjukvårdsorganisationer.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Loiacono MM, Mitsakakis N, Kwong JC, Gomez GB, Chit A, Grootendorst P. Development and Validation of a Clinical Prediction Tool for Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in England. JAMA Netw open. 2020;3(6):e207743.

  2. WHO. Tailoring Immunization Programmes for Seasonal Influenza (TIP FLU). 2017.

  3. ECDC. Rapid literature review on motivating hesitant population groups in Europe to vaccinate. 2015.

Ansvar och åtagande hos hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalAnsvar och åtagande hos hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal

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Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal utbildas regelbundet kring influensavaccination, så att de kan hålla sig uppdaterade och upplysa de människor som vänder sig till dem för att få hjälp.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Goldstein AO, Kincade JE, Gamble G, Bearman RS. Policies and Practices for Improving Influenza Immunization Rates Among Healthcare Workers. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2004;25(11):908–11

  2. Rashid H, Yin JK, Ward K, King C, Seale H, Booy R. Assessing interventions to improve influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers. Health Aff. 2016;35(2):284–92.

  3. Maltezou H, Poland G. Immunization of Health-Care Providers: Necessity and Public Health Policies. Healthcare. 2016;4(3):47.

  4. Gazmararian JA, Coleman M, Prill M, Hinman AR, Ribner BS, Washington ML, et al. Influenza vaccination of health care workers: Policies and practices of hospitals in a community setting. Am J Infect Control. 2007;35(7):441–7.

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Organisationerna/hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalen får en rättvis och specifik ersättning för varje genomförd vaccination.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Greene MT, Fowler KE, Ratz D, Krein SL, Bradley SF, Saint S. Changes in Influenza Vaccination Requirements for Health Care Personnel in US Hospitals. JAMA Netw open. 2018;1(2).

  2. Gazmararian JA, Coleman M, Prill M, Hinman AR, Ribner BS, Washington ML, et al. Influenza vaccination of health care workers: Policies and practices of hospitals in a community setting. Am J Infect Control. 2007;35(7):441–7.

  3. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

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Vaccination av hälso-och sjukvårdspersonal är obligatorisk.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Short E, Zimmerman PA, van de Mortel T. Barriers associated with mandatory influenza vaccination policies for healthcare workers: an integrative review. J Infect Prev. 2020;21(6):212–20.

  2. Rashid H, Yin JK, Ward K, King C, Seale H, Booy R. Assessing interventions to improve influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers. Health Aff. 2016;35(2):284–92.

  3. Greene MT, Fowler KE, Ratz D, Krein SL, Bradley SF, Saint S. Changes in Influenza Vaccination Requirements for Health Care Personnel in US Hospitals. JAMA Netw open. 2018;1(2).

  4. Paul KT, Loer K. Contemporary vaccination policy in the European Union: tensions and dilemmas. J Public Health Policy [Internet]. 2019;40:166–79.

  5. Lindley MC, Mu Y, Hoss A, Pepin D, Kalayil EJ, van Santen KL, et al. Association of State Laws With Influenza Vaccination of Hospital Personnel. Am J Prev Med [Internet]. 2019;56(6):e177–83.

  6. Kitt E, Burt S, Price SM, Satchell L, Offit PA, Sammons JS, et al. Implementation of a Mandatory Influenza Vaccine Program: A 10-year experience. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;

  7. Costantino C, Restivo V, Tramuto F, Casuccio A, Vitale F. Influenza vaccination of healthcare workers in Italy: Could mandatory vaccination be a solution to protect patients? Future Microbiol. 2019;14(9s):45–9.

  8. Wang TL, Jing L, Bocchini JA. Mandatory influenza vaccination for all healthcare personnel: A review on justification, implementation and effectiveness. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2017;29(5):606–15.

  9. Maltezou H, Poland G. Immunization of Health-Care Providers: Necessity and Public Health Policies. Healthcare. 2016;4(3):47.

  10. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

Medvetenhet om sjukdomens börda och allvarlighetsgradMedvetenhet om sjukdomens börda och allvarlighetsgrad

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De olika enheterna (offentliga och privata) med anknytning till influensavaccination skapar kommunikations- och medvetenhetskampanjer om vaccination mot influensavirus på ett samordnat sätt.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. Influenza Diabetes Community, European Scientific Working group on Influenza. Commitment paper of the Influenza/Diabetes Community [Internet]. 2019.

  2. Maltezou H, Poland G. Immunization of Health-Care Providers: Necessity and Public Health Policies. Healthcare. 2016;4(3):47.

  3. Chevalier-Cottin EP, Ashbaugh H, Brooke N, Gavazzi G, Santillana M, Burlet N, et al. Communicating Benefits from Vaccines Beyond Preventing Infectious Diseases. Infect Dis Ther. 2020;9:467–80.

  4. WHO Europe. Vaccination and trust [Internet]. Copenhagen; 2017.

Tro på fördelar med vaccinationTro på fördelar med vaccination

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Medierna bedriver adekvat nyhetsbevakning om vaccination mot influensa.

Bibliografiska referenser:

  1. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. The organization and delivery of vaccination services in the European Unit. 2018.

  2. Kumar S, Xu C, Ghildayal N, Chandra C, Yang M. Social media effectiveness as a humanitarian response to mitigate influenza epidemic and COVID-19 pandemic. Ann Oper Res [Internet]. 2021;

  3. Bonnevie E, Rosenberg SD, Kummeth C, Goldbarg J, Wartella E, Smyser J. Using social media influencers to increase knowledge and positive attitudes toward the flu vaccine. PLoS One [Internet].

Målgrupp

Vi erkänner att en del av policyerna redan delvis implementeras i landet, trots att de ger utrymme för förbättringar.

 
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Kompletterande bibliografiska referenser

national vaccin cov total
2694034
national vaccin cov children
10297
national vaccin cov elderly
1515814
national vaccin cov pregnant
40022
national vaccin cov hcw
201722
national vaccin cov highrisk
779220
national vaccin cov other
146958
influenza infect total
648048
influenza infect children
224642
influenza infect elderly
128011
influenza infect pregnant
3521
influenza infect hcw
27179
influenza infect highrisk
33306
influenza infect other
231389
flu-rel hosp total
4667
flu-rel hosp children
309
flu-rel hosp elderly
3326
flu-rel hosp pregnant
9
flu-rel hosp hcw
45
flu-rel hosp highrisk
237
flu-rel hosp other
740
flu-rel gp visits total
166511
flu-rel gp visits children
50109
flu-rel gp visits elderly
12388
flu-rel gp visits pregnant
1425
flu-rel gp visits hcw
13923
flu-rel gp visits highrisk
13533
flu-rel gp visits other
75133
product loss d total
503104
product loss d children
0
product loss d elderly
0
product loss d pregnant
7055
product loss d hcw
52740
product loss d highrisk
63683
product loss d other
379626
flu-rel deaths total
580
flu-rel deaths children
23
flu-rel deaths elderly
413
flu-rel deaths pregnant
1
flu-rel deaths hcw
16
flu-rel deaths highrisk
24
flu-rel deaths other
104
hosp due cvd total
902
hosp due cvd children
0
hosp due cvd elderly
892
hosp due cvd pregnant
0
hosp due cvd hcw
0
hosp due cvd highrisk
3
hosp due cvd other
7
deaths due cvd total
133
deaths due cvd children
2
deaths due cvd elderly
128
deaths due cvd pregnant
0
deaths due cvd hcw
0
deaths due cvd highrisk
1
deaths due cvd other
2
Year
8
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